Decreto-Lei n.º 9/2020
Court: | Presidência do Conselho de Ministros |
ELI: | https://data.dre.pt/eli/dec-lei/9/2020/03/10/p/dre |
Publication Date: | 10 Mar 2020 |
Decreto-Lei n.º 9/2020
de 10 de março
Sumário: Adota as medidas necessárias ao cumprimento da obrigação de manter o livro de reclamações eletrónico.
O livro de reclamações é um instrumento de política pública de defesa do consumidor. Na sua génese está a necessidade de materializar os direitos dos consumidores, tornando visível a sua manifestação na esfera pública.
O livro de reclamações é unanimemente aceite pela sociedade portuguesa e são claros os benefícios que advêm da sua utilização, tais como um melhor conhecimento do funcionamento do mercado, a identificação de problemas nas relações de consumo bem como a integração dos interesses dos consumidores no modelo de comportamento das empresas.
O Decreto-Lei n.º 74/2017, de 21 de junho, que altera o Decreto-Lei n.º 156/2005, de 15 de setembro, tornou obrigatória a disponibilização, pelos operadores económicos, do livro de reclamações em formato eletrónico, expressando a inevitável transição, também neste domínio, da realidade física para a digital. Pretendeu-se não só uma adequação à contemporaneidade, mas também desmaterializar, facilitar e desburocratizar o exercício do direito de queixa, bem como possibilitar o tratamento mais célere das reclamações pelos operadores económicos e pelas entidades reguladoras e de controlo de mercado.
A experiência adquirida com a aplicação do Decreto-Lei n.º 74/2017, de 21 de junho, revelou, no entanto, que os operadores económicos, em especial os de menor dimensão e menos familiarizados com as tecnologias digitais, necessitam de mais tempo e meios para a concretização desta transição.
Considera-se, pois, necessário acolher as preocupações manifestadas pelos operadores económicos, introduzindo um mecanismo prévio de notificação para cumprimento, procedendo, de uma forma pedagógica, à integração da obrigação de possuir o livro de reclamações em formato eletrónico no universo das obrigações das empresas.
Não obstante, a adesão dos operadores económicos registada até ao momento tem-se revelado positiva. Efetivamente, sem prejuízo de uma contínua necessidade de melhoria na implementação informática da plataforma, cujas eventuais adversidades determinam que nenhuma responsabilidade deva ser assacada aos operadores económicos, quando comprovadas, estes têm aderido de forma voluntária, engrossando, diariamente, o extenso leque de entidades que já disponibilizam formato eletrónico do livro de reclamações e que procedem à respetiva divulgação nos seus sítios na Internet.
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