Decreto-Lei n.º 71/77, de 25 de Fevereiro de 1977
Decreto-Lei n.º 71/77 de 25 de Fevereiro A obrigatoriedade de publicação integral do título constitutivo das sociedade cooperativas representava uma onerosa exigência, desproporcionada à real utilidade da formalidade, que implicava graves dificuldades à expansão do movimentocooperativo.
O reconhecimento desta realidade levou o Governo, oportunamente, a estudar a possibilidade de, sem pôr em perigo o princípio da publicidade dos actos constitutivos das cooperativas e os legítimos interesses de terceiros, reduzir os custos inerentes à formação das sociedades cooperativas e assim contribuir para a realização do preceito constitucional que impõe ao Estado o dever de fomentar a criação de cooperativas.
A solução encontrada, e que veio a ser legalmente consagrada pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 744/76, de 18 de Outubro, foi a de substituir a obrigatoriedade de publicação integral do título constitutivo por simples extracto, autenticado por notário, contendo as menções suficientes para assegurarem o princípio da publicidade das pessoas colectivas e sociedades.
Ora, as mesmas razões valem, com maior intensidade, para a constituição de associações de cidadãos que se propunham a realização colectiva de fins sociais não lucrativos. Como se assinala no preâmbulo do Decreto-Lei n.º 594/74, de 5 de Novembro, 'o direito à livre associação constitui uma garantia básica de realização pessoal dos indivíduos na vida em sociedade'. O direito dos cidadãos a constituírem-se livremente em associações, estatuído no artigo 46.º da Constituição da República Portuguesa, se, por um lado, exige do Estado e eliminação de quaisquer formalidades, não absolutamente necessárias, na ordem administrativa, policial ou burocrática, por outro, determina que se providencie no sentido da máxima redução dos custos económicos, sempre implicados na constituição de uma entidade associativa, para que a intenção do legislador constitucional, de desenvolvimento do movimento associativo se enraíze numa sociedade que se quer participada, solidária e socialista.
A questão assume especial importância para os cidadãos de muito escassos recursos, que verão frustrado o seu desejo de se associarem para a prossecução de relevantes fins sociais e se verão impedidos do efectivo exercício do direito fundamental...
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